COP30 Presidency Roadmap
COP30 Presidency: Implementing the Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T
The COP30 Presidency's new report demonstrates that mobilizing at least US$1.3 trillion annually in climate finance for developing countries by 2035 is within reach, identifying the financial reforms, policy interventions and investment pathways needed to turn this global ambition into concrete action
About the Report
The Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T, mandated at COP29, was presented jointly by the COP29 and COP30 Presidencies in November 2025. At COP30 in Belém, Parties decided to urgently advance actions to scale up climate finance for developing countries from all public and private sources to at least US$1.3 trillion annually by 2035. Building on these decisions, Implementing the Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T translates the original Roadmap into practical pathways for action. It is a voluntary, non-prescriptive contribution from the COP30 Presidency, not a negotiated agreement.
Developed through international consultations throughout 2026, the report estimates that enhanced policy and investment pathways could mobilize US$1.27–1.41 trillion annually by 2035, through increased public finance, expanded private investment, innovative financing mechanisms and reforms to the international financial system.
The report builds on the Roadmap's five interconnected action fronts (5Rs): Replenishing grants and concessional finance; Rebalancing fiscal space and debt sustainability; Rechanneling private investment; Revamping institutional capacity and coordination; and Reshaping financial systems for more equitable capital flows.
To accelerate implementation, the report introduces a 5x5 Implementation Framework that connects financing reforms with climate investment priorities, alongside the Climate Finance Action Compass, a monitoring tool developed with Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) to track progress in scale, speed, reach and impact.
The central message is that achieving the US$1.3 trillion goal requires coordinated action by governments, financial institutions, investors and other stakeholders, within and beyond the UN climate negotiations. Mobilizing more finance, making it accessible and ensuring it reaches the countries and communities that need it most are essential to accelerating implementation of the Paris Agreement.