COP30 Presidency Roadmap
COP30 Presidency Roadmap on Enhancing Efforts Towards Halting and Reversing Deforestation and Forest Degradation by 2030
This COP30 Presidency Roadmap identifies opportunities to accelerate forest protection, sustainable use and recovery through coordinated national action, international cooperation and finance.
About the Roadmap
Announced at the closing plenary of COP30 in Belém, the Roadmap was inspired by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s call to move beyond declarations and accelerate climate implementation. Developed through broad international consultations, the Roadmap is a voluntary, non-prescriptive contribution from the COP30 Presidency. This document is not subject to negotiation.
The Roadmap takes a global approach, covering tropical, subtropical, temperate, and boreal forests, as well as forest-related ecosystems such as peatlands and mangroves. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), annual deforestation declined from 17.6 million hectares in 1990-2000 to 10.9 million hectares in 2015-2025, but remains substantial.
The Roadmap identifies five complementary areas of action in national strategies: conservation; sustainable forest management, agroforestry and bioeconomy; combating forest degradation; combating deforestation; and restoration, reforestation and afforestation. Drawing on extensive international consultations, the Roadmap proposes a five-step approach for countries to strengthen implementation: Diagnose forest conditions and drivers of loss; Align policies, institutions and finance; Target results; Deliver actions while monitoring progress; and Evaluate and adjust implementation.
It also presents four proposals for using existing decisions of COPs for implementation: improving forest information and monitoring systems; strengthening technical assistance and capacity-building; combating transnational environmental crime, including support for the protocol under the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, launched in October; and promoting trade incentives that reward sustainable and deforestation-free production.
Finance is one of the largest implementation gaps. According to UNEP, annual forest finance must rise from US$ 84.5 billion in 2023 to more than US$ 300 billion per year by 2030. The Roadmap examines 30 international forest financing mechanisms, including results-based payments, jurisdictional REDD+ and the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF). It finds that many existing instruments operate below their potential, pointing to the need to scale financing, improve access and reward countries and communities for conservation and sustainable forest management.